AWS D1.1:2025 SAW WPS for ASTM A36

About SAW (Submerged Arc Welding)

Mechanized process with granular flux shielding the arc. Very high deposition rates, deep penetration, smooth bead profile. Limited to flat (1G/1F) and horizontal (2G/2F) positions because the flux falls under gravity. Multi-arc setups (tandem, twin) are common for production lines.

Process family: mechanized. Suited to: bridge plate girders, heavy structural shop welds, and similar work.

About ASTM A36

The default structural carbon steel for non-critical applications. Carbon content typically 0.25-0.29%, low carbon equivalent, excellent weldability with both low-hydrogen and non-low-hydrogen consumables. Plate, bar, and shapes.

AWS D1.1 Group (Table 6.9)

Group I

Yield (ksi)

36

Tensile (ksi)

58–80

Weldability

excellent

Prequalification path

ASTM A36 (Group I) is on the prequalified base metals list for SAW per AWS D1.1:2025 Clause 5. A written WPS is still mandatory but no PQR test is required as long as every Clause 5 essential variable (joint geometry, filler, preheat, current/polarity, etc.) is met.

Preheat: No preheat required for thicknesses ≤ 3/4 in at typical heat inputs; 50°F minimum below 3/4 in, 150°F at 1-1/2 in and above per Table 5.7.

Typical parameters

Starting points only. Verify against electrode manufacturer data and your PQR.

Essential variables to watch (AWS D1.1:2025 Table 6.6)

If your shop is working from a PQR, these are the SAW-specific changes that require requalification per Table 6.6. The rule engine flags every one of them with the row number, clause reference, and the actual delta.

• Flux/wire classification change
• Filler diameter (any change)
• Number of electrodes (parallel/tandem)
• Heat input increase (CVN supp essential)
• Arc spacing > 10% or 1/8 in

Where SAW on ASTM A36 fits

• Light to medium structural framing
• Miscellaneous and ornamental steel
• Base plates and gussets
• Non-load-critical components

FAQ