§ WPS template
AWS D1.1:2025 GTAW WPS for ASTM A514
How to draft an AWS D1.1:2025 Welding Procedure Specification for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) on ASTM A514 Quenched & Tempered HSLA. Recommended filler: ER100S-1. Below: process notes, base metal properties, prequalification path, typical parameters, and which essential variables to watch.
About GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding)
Non-consumable tungsten electrode with separate filler rod (manual or hot/cold wire feed for mechanized GTAW). Argon or Ar/He shielding. The cleanest, most controllable arc — used for critical root passes and precision work where weld appearance and reliability matter more than deposition rate.
Process family: manual. Suited to: root passes on critical joints (then filled with another process), thin material precision welds, and similar work.
About ASTM A514
Quenched and tempered (Q&T) high-strength low-alloy steel. T-1 family. Strict hydrogen control and heat-input limits required to avoid HAZ embrittlement. Matching filler (E11018-M, ER100S-1) and Table 5.7 preheat are non-negotiable.
- AWS D1.1 Group (Table 6.9)
- Group III
- Yield (ksi)
- 100
- Tensile (ksi)
- 110–130
- Weldability
- controlled
Prequalification path
ASTM A514 (Group III) with GTAW is NOT eligible for Clause 5 prequalification because Q&T high-strength steels (A514) are excluded. You must run a PQR test and qualify against Tables 6.6 (PQR essential variables) and, for notch-toughness applications, Table 6.8.
Preheat: High preheat throughout: 50°F minimum below 3/4 in, 150°F from 3/4 to 1-1/2 in, 200°F at 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 in, 300°F above 2-1/2 in (low-hydrogen only, per Table 5.7).
Typical parameters
Starting points only. Verify against electrode manufacturer data and your PQR.
| Filler | ER100S-1 |
| Amperage | 80–200 A |
| Voltage | 10–18 V |
| Travel speed | 4–10 ipm |
| Position(s) typically qualified | All positions (1G–6G) |
Essential variables to watch (AWS D1.1:2025 Table 6.6)
If your shop is working from a PQR, these are the GTAW-specific changes that require requalification per Table 6.6. The rule engine flags every one of them with the row number, clause reference, and the actual delta.
- Filler addition or deletion (autogenous ↔ filler)
- Cold ↔ hot wire feed
- Filler diameter > 1/16 in change
- Amperage > 25% change
- Preheat decrease > 100°F
A514 specific: heat-input control matters more than usual. Higher heat input softens the Q&T microstructure in the HAZ. If CVN testing applies, Table 6.8 row 10 makes any heat-input increase over the qualified value an essential variable.
Where GTAW on ASTM A514 fits
- Heavy mobile equipment
- High-stress load-bearing components
- Crane booms
- Earthmoving equipment frames
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FAQ
Does AWS D1.1:2025 prequalify GTAW on ASTM A514?
No. ASTM A514 with GTAW requires PQR qualification per Clause 6. Run the PQR test, then qualify the WPS against Tables 6.6 + (for CVN) 6.8.
What filler is recommended for GTAW on ASTM A514?
ER100S-1. Verify against your project specification and the consumable manufacturer's data sheet. Filler classification change is a Table 6.6 essential variable.
What preheat does ASTM A514 need?
High preheat throughout: 50°F minimum below 3/4 in, 150°F from 3/4 to 1-1/2 in, 200°F at 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 in, 300°F above 2-1/2 in (low-hydrogen only, per Table 5.7).